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This report presents an inspiring picture of a technological revolution in Iran’s water sector, where artificial intelligence and nanotechnology converge to address critical water challenges. On one front, smart machine-learning models—adapted from Swiss standards and localized for Iranian conditions—enable accurate flood prediction even in data-scarce regions, helping bridge the long-standing gap between academic research and urban decision-making. On the other, Iranian researchers have achieved a record 93% efficiency in solar desalination systems through advanced nano-engineered membranes, making desalination more sustainable, affordable, and energy-efficient. The synergy of these two breakthroughs highlights a shift toward knowledge-based, data-driven water governance and opens a new horizon for strengthening long-term water security in Iran.